Make the Connection with Informal Learning

Sunday, June 28, 2009 - by Tony Bingham

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Why do we want to spend our time talking about informal learning, and more specifically social learning and Web 2.0? Because we in the learning profession have a history of dancing around this subject. If we don't respond, if we don't take action now, we risk becoming irrelevant.

Tony Karrer, an e-learning technologist and CEO of TechEmpower, in the May issue of T+D magazine, encourages companies to start adapting to the current trend in informal learning; otherwise, he says, "they will find themselves marginalized in the business."

Our job, our focus, and our creative energy must include getting our hands around this thing called informal learning. Doesn't it seem reasonable that if most of the learning occurring within an organization is informal, you are involved? You might think: "We've been talking about it forever and have even dabbled in it. Our worlds aren't crumbling. I am really busy and don't have the time or the energy to get involved in informal learning." That logic might have been OK in the past, but there is this emerging, powerful force unlike any in history that is altering the profession's landscape and this time, there's no going back.

To help understand this force, let's consider Don Tapscott's book: Grown Up Digital. He refers to the Millennials or Gen Ys as the Net Generation or Net Gens based on their defining characteristic, which is the network. Tapscott wrote that technology is like air to them. The Net Gens are the largest generation ever. And the oldest in this generation is 32 - so, we're already seeing the impact in the workplace. According to the Bureau of Labor Statistics, the size of the workforce in the United States in 2014 will be roughly 162 million. Estimates suggest that the Net Gens will make up a whopping 47 percent of the workforce in 2014. That's less than five years away!

We're all aware of the stereotypes of the Net Gens - they can't make a decision, don't want to "pay their dues," they ignore hours and dress codes, need constant feedback, their parents are involved in everything, and so on. But, in his book, Tapscott wrote, "The evidence is strong that they are the smartest generation ever. Raw IQ scores are climbing by three points a decade since World War II, and they have been increasing across racial, income, and regional boundaries."

Tapscott added: "As employees and managers, the Net Generation is approaching work collaboratively, collapsing the rigid hierarchy and forcing organizations to rethink how they recruit, compensate, develop, and supervise talent."

In their book, Groundswell, Charlene Li and Josh Bernoff see the collision of three forces: people, technology, and economics. They see these three trends - people's desire to connect, new interactive technologies, and online economics - as creating a new era. We have a generation of people entering the workforce who don't know any other way - this is the way they've always done it. Are you ready for them?

Is formal learning dead? Of course not. Informal learning will not eliminate traditional formal learning. Certification, compliance, and deep learning will continue to be formal because the structure is required. In the May issue of T+D, Josh Bersin of Bersin and Associates said it well: "It's not informal learning taking over everything; it's a modernization of the learning function."

What it isn't

Unfortunately, most definitions of informal learning describe it by what it isn't. Has that frustrated you? Many describe informal learning as any learning that isn't formal. It's kind of funny when you think about it. Also, many people combine informal and social learning as one and the same. They need to be careful with that generalization. Clearly social media is a major component of informal learning. But other approaches are also included in informal learning - for example, search. When you type a query into Google or Yahoo, is this informal learning?

Some contend that this is not learning, but information gathering and, that information gathering isn't learning. Maybe, but let's not debate deep learning theories. What's important is that there's more to informal learning than social learning. Social media is helping to connect people with the right information at the right time in the right way to better serve the customer. That is a very compelling reason in itself to facilitate social learning.

Informal learning will only increase

ASTD and i4cp recently conducted a research study on informal learning, and the results are compelling. Ninety-eight percent of the respondents said that it was occurring to some extent and 34 percent said to a high extent. What is the expected change over the next three years? More than 56 percent expect it to increase over the next three years. We also found that despite the high percentage of informal learning occurring in organization - between 70 percent and 90 percent - most of the money is allocated to formal learning. This study tells us that we have a lot of informal learning occurring in our organizations, it's going to increase, it works, there is no budget assigned to it, and most of it is occurring outside of learning's purview. Is this the way we want our organizations to operate?

Do you think that having the learning function driving informal learning would be good for you professionally and for your organization? We have a great opportunity to make an impact with informal learning based on this research and based on your responses. One key impact area is knowledge retention from informal learning.

As professionals who are facilitating and driving informal learning, we know that we must ensure that this knowledge is captured. Web 2.0 technologies are enablers - they are the tools that support collaboration and social learning; they don't cause it to automatically happen.

As learning professionals, this is our opportunity to be a game-changer - a paradigm shifter - and in the process wellposition our organizations and ourselves for future success. Web 2.0 technologies and the Net Gens are gifts that will catalyze us to drive informal learning - the most elusive, yet the most prevalent and potentially the most important learning in our organizations now and for years to come. And, as importantly, they encourage us to create the structures that support accessing and retaining the information shared for learning.

Now is the time for you to connect those pieces to create a learning masterpiece that meaningfully demonstrates the critical importance of each and every one of your roles. If this is your first step into informal learning, into Web 2.0 technologies. The data tells us that you're not alone, and if you're one of the few veterans, please leverage those same tools and technologies to share your knowledge and collaborate with the rest of us. There are tremendous resources available from ASTD and from many others to help you on this journey, regardless of your level of expertise - and, that is quite reassuring.

We are all in this together, and now we have the catalyst to take our careers, our profession, and our organizations to the next level. And, collectively and collaboratively we will succeed.

Make the Connection with Informal Learning

Authored By:

  • Tony Bingham
    Tony Bingham
    Tony Bingham is president and CEO of ASTD, the world's largest professional association dedicated to the training and development field. ASTD is focused on helping members lead talent management, build their business skills, understand the impact of social media on informal learning, close skills gaps, and connect their work to the strategic priorities of business.